The Steamer and the Cleaver in Chinese Cookery

Another Chinese utensil, the steamer, though not askept thoroughly dry or it will rust.
essential or as versatile as the wok, can be adaptedPartner to the cleaver is a chopping block, anywhere
for many purposes. The Chinese make steamers infrom four to six inches thick. An experienced chef
stacked sets that fit into each other, as many as fiveplays on his chopping block as if he were performing
at a time, so that several different dishes can beon a musical instrument, which, in fact, is just what he is
steamed at once. Thus the cook saves time and fuel.doing; next time you get a chance, try to listen to the
Steamers look like baskets or like round, shallow bowlschef at work in a Chinese restaurant. Rhythm is
full of holes, and in China are often made of bamboo. Ifimportant, as it is in most physical work: when you
these are not available, aluminum steamers are just asbecome proficient you will be able to co-ordinate the
good and probably easier to wash.effort of chopping so that everything, with the cleaver,
A resourceful cook can improvise perfectly goodyour hand holding the food, your whole body just
substitutes for the steamer; the plate-within-a-pot forworks as one. Try to think of using the cleaver with
instance, consists of a food-laden plate placed on athe same economy of motion that you would use in
rack inside a large, heavy pot with some water in it.making golf or tennis strokes.
The plate ought to stand at least two inches aboveThe size of the pieces the cook cuts with his cleaver
the level of the water. Cover the pot securely and boil.depends on the kind of food he is working on. It is a
Instead of using a rack you can put the plate on arule in most Chinese cooking that all the pieces of food
bowl, directly in the water; the water should reach noin a dish, vegetables and meat or fish, should be of
more than three-quarters of the way up the sides ofroughly the same size and shape, not merely for
the bowl so that the boiling water cannot spill in.aesthetic reasons, though these matter too, but
While you can do without a steamer, the Chinesebecause only in that way can one be sure of uniform
cleaver really is indispensable. Like the wok, thecooking. With a cleaver, food can be cubed, sliced,
cleaver is a splendid tool. It may look clumsy andchopped or shredded to any size.
heavy compared with the gleaming carbon-steelThe cleaver's broad blade is often used to carry
chop­ping knives so loved by French chefs, but itcut-up food from chopping block to pot. A Western
is even more versatile. Once you have mastered thehousewife might laugh at this idea and say that a plate
cleaver you are bound to find how useful it truly is, andwould surely be better, but the aim in a Chinese kitchen
not only for cooking Chinese food. A cleaver performsis to keep things simple and quick. It saves another dish
almost every kind of cutting technique with ease,, andto use the cleaver as a carrying tool, and it saves the
besides is used for pounding and crushing, and eventime that would be taken in getting, and cleaning a
for scooping up on its blade otherwise unmanageableplate. Anyone who watches a Chinese cook at work
scraps of food.must be struck by the way he or she cleans up as he
It comes in two weights; heavy for cutting bones, andgoes along. There is no trail of dirty pots and utensils.
lighter for meats and vegetables. Both have woodenThe cook keeps a clean damp cloth at hand and is
handles and broad blades about three inches acrosscontinually wiping his cleaver or the table at which he is
and eight inches long. Some cleavers are made ofworking. He completes each action as he does it,
stainless steel, but most cooks prefer those made ofwhich is one reason he can produce elaborate meals
tempered carbon steel, for they can be sharpened toin a tiny kitchen.
a finer edge. Like your iron wok, the cleaver must be