The History of Chinquapin Trees

There are two types of chinquapin trees, also calledThese plants are found in huge colonies throughout
'chikapin trees,' that are available commercially in theSouth Georgia and produce numerous nuts in late
United States, the Allegheny chinquapin and thesummer and early fall with a distinct sweetness and
Georgiana chinquapin. The Allegheny chinquapin,characteristic spicy flavor that remains indelibly bonded
'Castanea pumila', is considered a shrub by some;within the memory. The plant is easily grown and
however, some researchers claim that its dwarf sizetransplanted, but is more vigorous in a shady location.
does not justify its reclassification. Many old-timersThe burr is about one inch in diameter, producing a
remember sweet memories from their youth whenbrown waxy nut in the center. The Georgian
baskets were filled with the spicy, sweet, nuttychinquapin 'Castanea alnifolia' is cold hardy in zones
flavored chinquapins. These nuts were eaten fresh,8-10, growing about 4 feet in height, slow growing but
roasted or baked into snack confections for anyexcelling in poor sandy soils that are well drained.
occasion. The nuts from chinquapin trees grow withLuther Burbank reported in his book Trees, Volume 8,
only one nut to a burr, whereas chestnuts, a closethat chinquapin trees appeared to be almost immune
botanical relative, produce two or more nuts per burr.to the chestnut tree blight of the American chestnut
The Allegheny chinquapin, 'Castanea pumila,' is widelytrees that, within a 50 year period of history-beginning
distributed throughout the Southeastern U.S. and is coldin 1912, practically had eliminated the American native
hardy up to Zone 6 and all the way down to Zone 9.chestnut tree. Burbank hybridized thousands of
The Allegheny chinquapin prefers to grow on a neutral,chestnut trees in an effort to renew the American
uphill soil, especially at higher elevations. These nuts arechestnut forests to their former splendor. He noted
often gathered by local inhabitants and are available atthat any hybrid that had successfully survived the
many locations at nearby markets and roadsidechestnut tree blight to become a viable commercial
stands.orchard selection would undoubtedly contain the
The Georgiana chinquapin, 'Castanea alnifolia,' is bestimmune qualities within the chinquapin that had been
described as the creeping chinquapin and it readilyimplanted into the American chinquapin tree genetic
spreads in shady thickets by means of giantmakeup.
underground stems that produce many shallow roots.